When the pig body water shortage reaches 20% can cause death. Water deprivation in pigs can cause a decrease in feed intake, a rapid cessation of growth, as well as the development of a number of fetishes: tail biting, ear biting and so on. It can also cause a decrease in milk production after delivery of sows, an increase in mortality of piglets due to diarrhea, a decrease in body condition of sows, and an increase in the time between weaning of sows and breeding. However, in pig production, people tend to ignore the importance of water for pigs and some details of pig drinking water, which brings a very big impact on production.
First, the harm caused by insufficient drinking water to pigs:
In general the daily water requirement of the pig, sow's water ratio of 1:2. 8-3.6; nursery pig's water ratio of 1:3.35; growing pig's water ratio of 1:2.5. When the pig body loses 10% of the water, the pig will have an adverse reaction; water loss of up to 20%, there will be a life-threatening situation. At the same time, the water temperature is also a great influence on the pig, the water temperature should be maintained at about 15 ℃, when the water temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the digestive enzymes in the body can not play a role, the feed can not be fully digested, and cause diarrhea, the water temperature is too high, the stomach wall can not secrete gastric juice, will also affect the digestion and absorption of feed.
(1) Lactating sows with insufficient water intake sows feed decreased, lactation decreased, sow weight loss, piglet weaning weight is small, especially seven days after delivery will make the milk concentration is too high, resulting in piglet indigestion, resulting in diarrhea. If sows drink enough water, it can make the piglet's weight increase by 1 kilogram at weaning in 24 days, and shorten the period from weaning to breeding by 1 day for sows.
(2) Insufficient water intake for piglets Piglets grow slowly, are stunted, and are unable to maximize their growth potential. Lactating piglets need to drink water within 1-2 days of birth. In the 1st week, each piglet needs 190 grams of water per kilogram of body weight per day (including the water in the sow's milk). Piglets take very little food during the period of induced feeding supplementation; however, if they are not supplied with water, the amount of food taken will be even less.
(3) Insufficient water intake for fattening pigs will reduce digestive and absorption ability, decrease feed intake, slow growth rate, prolong the time of finishing and increase the cost. 10-22 weeks of age free-feeding, free water intake, water-feeding ratio averages 2.56:1.
The daily water requirement of pigs at different age stages:
Lactating sows need 24-45 liters of water per day; gestating sows and boars need 12-15 liters of water per day; fattening pigs need 9-12 liters of water per day; growing pigs need 5-7 liters of water per day; nursery pigs need 3-5 liters of water per day; in order to make the pigs drink enough drinking water, the drinking water system should be matched with the needs of various production systems and pigs at different age stages, and the water dispenser output is more than 2-2.5 liters/minute to meet the large amount of drinking water demand by lactating sows in a short time. In order to meet the demand of lactating sows for drinking water in a short period of time, the water output of the water dispenser should be more than 2-2.5 liters/minute.
The water output of the drinking system must satisfy the whole day's drinking water requirement of lactating sows in 12-24 minutes, 80% of the drinking water of lactating sows is used to synthesize milk, and especially the drinking water quantity of lactating sows within 5 days after giving birth must be satisfied. The height of the drinker should be appropriate, too high and too low will affect the normal water intake of sows. The right height of the drinker ensures that all pigs can drink enough water, if the height of the drinker is too low, it will be easily damaged by the pigs and will not be easy for them to drink water.
